miR-335靶向Rho相关卷曲螺旋形成蛋白激酶1抑制人骨肉瘤细胞MG-63侵袭转移的实验研究

背景与目的：微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类小分子内源性RNA,主要在转录后水平调节靶基因的表达。microRNA-335(miR-335)作为一种肿瘤抑制因子,参与了多种人类肿瘤的发生、发展过程。本研究旨在探讨miR-335是否靶向抑制Rho相关卷曲螺旋形成蛋白激酶1(Rho associated coiled-coil formingprotein kinase,ROCK1)基因的表达,并以此调控人骨肉瘤细胞MG-63侵袭及转移。方法：理论预测并通过荧光素酶基因报告验证miR-335与ROCK1基因的3'-非翻译区(untranslated region,UTR)的特异性结合作用;real-time PCR和蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)分别从基因和蛋白水平检测miR-335对ROCK1表达的负性调控作用;Transwell小室法检测miR-335过表达及下调ROCK1表达后MG-63侵袭及转移能力的变化。结果：Targetscan预测显示,miR-335与ROCK1 3'-UTR存在结合位点。荧光素酶基因报告实验结果显示,miR-335 mimic和ROCK1 3'-UTR能够靶向结合;miR-335在MG-63细胞中低表达,ROCK1则呈高表达。Western blot检测结果显示,转染miR-335 mimic或转染ROCK1 siRNA后ROCK1的蛋白表达减少。Transwell小室法检测结果显示,过表达miR-335或下调ROCK1后穿过基膜的细胞数目明显下降。结论：miR-335能特异性结合于ROCK1基因的3'-UTR并下调ROCK1的表达,抑制人骨肉瘤细胞MG-63侵袭转移。     

颈椎人工间盘置换与前路减压融合术治疗单节段颈椎间盘突出症的疗效

目的:探讨Mobi-C颈椎人工间盘置换(cervical artificial disc replacement,CADR)与传统颈椎前路减压融合术(anterior cervical decompression and fusion,ACDF)治疗颈椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法:对2009年6月至2012年6月收治的27例单节段颈椎间盘突出症患者进行回顾性分析,男18例,女9例,年龄30~62岁,平均46.7岁。其中12例采用CADR治疗(CADR组),15例采用ACDF治疗(ACDF组)。所有患者有颈肩部及上肢疼痛麻木,病程1~13个月,平均2.4个月。术前、术后1周、末次随访时均进行全面的临床评价和生活质量问卷调查。应用Odom标准评价术后疗效,采用视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)记录疼痛级别,用颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)和健康状况调查问卷SF-36对患者生活质量进行综合评定。结果:27例患者无神经血管并发症发生,均获得随访,平均随访时间16个月(6~30个月)。术后1周CADR组优10例,良2例,ACDF组优5例,良10例,两组疗效差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.75,P=0.019);末次随访时CADR组优10例,良2例,ACDF组优12例,良3例,两组疗效差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.049,P=1.000)。术后1周及末次随访时两组患者的上肢VAS评分均明显缓解(P<0.05)。术后1周:CADR组颈部VAS评分由术前的3.58±0.79下降至0.58±0.51(P<0.05),NDI指数由术前的(23.42±6.36)分下降至(5.42±1.68)分(P<0.05),而ACDF组下降不明显。末次随访时:两组患者的颈部VAS评分、NDI指数及SF-36生活质量与术前比较均有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论:Mobi-C CADR保留了减压节段的运动,允许患者迅速恢复正常的活动,术后早期即可显示明显疗效,且疗效稳定维持,患者的生活质量明显提高。     

体质指数和腰臀比对中老年妇女腰椎前凸和骶骨倾斜度的影响

目的：探讨下腰痛患者体质指数（BMI）和腰臀比（wHR）对腰椎前凸和骶骨倾斜度的影响，讨论肥胖致下腰痛的机制。方法：对98例患有下腰痛的中老年妇女进行Roland功能障碍问卷（RDQ），测量身高、体重、腰围和臀围，并计算BMI和WHR。按BMI将病例分成正常组、超重组和肥胖组，按WHR将病例分成非向心性肥胖组和向心性肥胖组。立位摄腰椎X线侧位片，测量腰椎曲线指数（LCI）、腰椎前凸度（Cobb角）和骶骨倾斜角（SSA），对各组所测量的数据进行统计学分析。结果：超重组、肥胖组的LCI、Cobb角、SSA和RDQ明显高于正常组，向心性肥胖组的LCI、Cobb角、SSA和RDQ明显高于非向心性肥胖组。结论：体质指数超过24kg／m^2或腰臀比超过0．85时，均使腰椎前凸和骶骨倾斜度加大、RDQ评分增高。超重、肥胖，或向心性肥胖可致下腰痛。腰椎前凸和骶骨倾斜度增大，可能是肥胖致下腰痛的解剖基础之一。     

Current state and completeness of reporting clinical prediction models using machine learning in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review

ObjectiveWe carried out a systematic review (SR) of adherence in diagnostic and prognostic applications of ML in SLE using the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) Statement.MethodsA SR employing five databases was conducted from its inception until December 2021. We identified articles that evaluated the utilization of ML for prognostic and/or diagnostic purposes. This SR was reported based on the PRISMA guidelines. The TRIPOD statement assessed adherence to reporting standards. Assessment for risk of bias was done using PROBAST tool.ResultsWe included 45 studies: 29 (64.4%) diagnostic and 16 (35.5%) prognostic prediction- model studies. Overall, articles adhered by between 17% and 67% (median 43%, IQR 37–49%) to TRIPOD items. Only few articles reported the model's predictive performance (2.3%, 95% CI 0.06–12.0), testing of interaction terms (2.3%, 95% CI 0.06–12.0), flow of participants (50%, 95% CI; 34.6–65.4), blinding of predictors (2.3%, 95% CI 0.06–12.0), handling of missing data (36.4%, 95% CI 22.4–52.2), and appropriate title (20.5%, 95% CI 9.8–35.3). Some items were almost completely reported: the source of data (88.6%, 95% CI 75.4–96.2), eligibility criteria (86.4%, 95% CI 76.2–96.5), and interpretation of findings (88.6%, 95% CI 75.4–96.2). In addition, most of model studies had high risk of bias.ConclusionsThe reporting adherence of ML-based model developed for SLE, is currently inadequate. Several items deemed crucial for transparent reporting were not fully reported in studies on ML-based prediction models.Review registration. PROSPERO ID# CRD42021284881. (Amended to limit the scope).